Parallel to the profound changes contemporary societies are undergoing, humans are developing new tools that can help them to adapt. Healthcare is not exempt from this trend. In Spain, the aging population and increased life expectancy, among many other factors, are raising a number of challenges that will have to be confronted in order to avoid a collapse of the health system. Identifying the main problems of the current healthcare model and some key reforms to strengthen it were the focus of a round table debate that took place in the medieval chapel of Santa Àgueda, in Barcelona’s Gothic Quarter, on May 25.